For Athletic Use Only

By Jim Kotorac, D.C.

Perhaps the most important piece of equipment in our sport is also potentially the most dangerous. Well designed, properly chosen running shoes support a runner through miles of pounding. These same shoes can cause serious biomechanical problems while simply standing still.The forward-rocking mechanism is the culprit. Better known as the running shoe’s wedged heel, it eases the impact of heel strike, but while standing still it pushes the wearer forward. This causes several problems including increasing the natural forward curve in the low back leading to a variety of low back dysfunctions.

The most important and immediate effect, however is on the calf muscles. When lifted at the heel (standing on toes) the calf muscles shorten. Standing in this altered position over a period of time, contracture of the muscles can lead to a permanent shortening. Running on these will be uncomfortable at best and lead to muscle tearing in the worst scenario. Ever wonder why grandma wears wedged slippers? A similar situation occurs in women who wear high heels. If this is the primary shoe worn, over the years the wearer will be forced to wear only wedged footwear.

Another serious problem can occur in the foot. With so much weight transferred to the ball of the foot (metatarsal heads) increased bone proliferation can lead to bunions which if severe enough can require surgery.

Running shoes are not the only athletic shoe responsible for this situation. Often the common cross trainer also has a forward rocking mechanism. Again, activities other than running or walking should be avoided with this footwear. You can identify a forward rocking cross trainer by looking along the side of the shoe toward the front. If the midsole continuously narrows as it goes forward to the toe and does not have a good solid build-up of rubber up front, it’s probably a forward rocker.

Most runners don’t wear their good running shoes when not running, but shoes out of active service often get retired to everyday, hanging out wear. Retire them with honor and wear a good supportive flat shoe.